Fluid Monitoring Lab

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The lab contains devices that can be used to monitor chemical and physicochemical parameters in natural and synthetic geothermal fluids. For instance,

Fluid-Monitoring System „FluMo“

A versatile fluid-chemical monitoring unit (“FluMo”) has been developed that enables online and in-situ measurements of a variety of physico-chemical parameters at different surface locations of a geothermal fluid loop. Sensors are provided for pressure, temperature, volumetric flow-rate, density, pH-value, redox potential and oxygen content. Additionally, two fluid samplers have been installed to collect fluid and analyze the solution composition. All devices are mounted on a rack allowing easy transfer of the apparatus to other geothermal plants. The purpose of the system is to monitor a compositional variability of the produced fluid and chemical processes potentially occurring within the plant. This information is of paramount importance as such reactions might lead to failure of plant components through corrosion and scaling and/or damage the reservoir upon fluid reinjection and thus decrease injectivity.

Fluidflow Monitor and Reactor Unit „FluMoRe"

The Fluidflow Monitor and Reactor Unit (FluMoRe), consisting of two 50 L stainless steel vessels, enables storage and monitorable flow of a fluid under high-pressure/high temperature conditions by pumping it from one vessel two the other allowing online measurements and sampling. The vessels are equipped with several analytical sensors and can also be used as reactors.

Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) BRUKER, Vektor

The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) BRUKER, Vektor can be used to obtain an infrared spectra of a solid or liquid to identify inorganic and organic species in the samples. A special high pressure and temperature cell can be connected to simulate geothermal conditions during measurement.

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Disciplinary Keywords

Selected infrastructures

Instrumentation

Laboratory instrumentation

Instruments

  • Autoclaves
  • Fluid-Monitoring System
  • Fluidflow Monitor and Reactor Unit
  • Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer

    FTIR Spectrometer - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer

    Traditional (dispersive) infrared techniques experience difficulties due to the '1 wavenumber at a time' nature of data acquisition. This leads to either a poor signal to noise ratio in a spectrum or a very long time needed to obtain a high quality spectrum. Both these situations cause problems with kinetic work. The first gives inherent large errors, the second prohibits in-situ work. These problems can be overcome using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) that is based on the interferometer originally designed by Michelson and a mathematical procedure developed by Fourier that converts response from the 'time' to the 'frequency' domain.

    In the Michelson interferometer a parallel, polychromatic beam of radiation from a source (A) is directed to a beam splitter (B), made from an infrared transparent material, such as KBr. The beam splitter reflects approximately half of the light to a mirror, known as the fixed mirror (C), which in turn reflects the light back to the beam splitter. The rest of the light passes through to a mirror, moving continuously, at a known velocity, back and forth along the direction of the incoming light and this is known as the moving mirror (D). Upon reflection from the moving mirror, radiation is then directed back to the beam splitter. At the beam splitter some of the light that has been reflected from the fixed mirror combines with light reflected from the moving mirror and is directed towards the sample. After passing through the sample (E) the radiation is focused onto the detector (F). The detectors are sufficiently fast to cope with time domain signal changes from the modulatio n in the interferometer. Additional information available at http://physics.nist.gov/Divisions/Div842/Gp1/fts_intro.html (Source: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 16.3. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects pision, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords)

  • Glove Box
  • Portable Fluid-Monitoring System
  • Shaker
  • Titanium Autoclave
  • Vacuum Gas Manifold

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